English Speaking Course Day 17 - English Speaking Course

English Speaking Course day 17 में आज हम सीखेंगे Simple Sentence के Past की Category-1 और Category-2…

Past (Category-1)

पहचान – सेंटेंस के अंत में था, थे, थी।
Auxiliary Verbs:
Was – Singular Subjects के साथ
Were – Plural Subjects के साथ
Rules:
Affirmative: Sub. + was/were + Obj.
Negative: Sub. + did not have + Obj.
Interrogative: <WH> + was/were + Sub. + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH> + was/were + Sub. + not + Obj.?
Special Case
Interrogative: <WH – Sub.> + was/were + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH – Sub.> + was/were + not + Obj.?

Please note:
1. जब भी किसी sentence के end में था, थे, थी हो, लेकिन उस sentence में “समय से” का ज़िक्र हो जाये, जैसे – वो सुबह से ऑफिस में था। (Wo subah se office me tha.) तो ऐसे में was/were की जगह पर had been का प्रयोग हो जाता है। (ये बात समझने के लिए Video ज़रूर देखिए।)
2. जब भी किसी सेंटेंस में Object नहीं होता वहाँ पर आप “There” का यूज़ कर लेते हैं। (ये बात समझने के लिए Video ज़रूर देखिए।)

Examples

वो ऑफिस में था।
(Wo office me tha.)
He was in the office.

वो ऑफिस में नहीं था।
(Wo office me nahi tha.)
He was not in the office.

क्या वो ऑफिस में था?
(Kya wo office me tha?)
Was he in the office?

वो ऑफिस में क्या था?
(Wo office me kya tha?)
What was he in the office?

वो सुबह से ऑफिस में था।
(Wo subah se office me tha.)
He had been in the office since morning.

वो ऑफिस में कब से था?
(Wo office me kab se tha?)
Since when had he been in the office?

एक लड़का था।
(Ek ladka tha.)
There was a boy. / A boy was there.

एक लड़का ऑफिस में था।
(Ek ladka office me tha.)
There was a boy in the office. / A boy was there in the office. /
A boy was in the office.

कुछ पेड़ थे।
(Kuchh ped the.)
There were few trees.

उस जंगल में कुछ पेड़ थे।
(Us jungle me kuchh ped the.)
There were few trees in that jungle. /
That jungle had few trees.

कितने पेड़ थे?
(Kitne ped the?)
How many trees were there?

कौन जगा हुआ था? (Special Case Interrogative)
(Kaun jaga hua tha?)
Who was awake?

कौन कौन ऑफिस में थे?
(Kaun kaun office me the?)
Who all were in the office? /
Who all were there in the office?

वहाँ किसका भाई था?
(Wahaan kiska bhai tha?)
Whose brother was there?

वहाँ कौन सी शर्ट रखी हुई थी?
(Wahaan kon si shirt rakhi hui thi?)
Which shirt was kept there? / Which shirt was kept over there?

आप में से कितने क्लास में थे?
(Aapme se kitne class me the?)
How many of you were in the class? /
How many of you were there in the class? /

Past (Category-2)

पहचान – पास था, में था (के अन्दर था), या भाई/बहन थे
“पास था”का मतलब Subject के पास था। “में था”का मतलब Subject में था, यानि Subject के अंदर था। “भाई/बहन” थे का मतलब Subject के भाई/बहन थे।
Auxiliary Verbs:
Had – Singular और Plural दोनों के साथ (Affirmative Sentence)
Did not have – Negative Sentence में
Had no – कुछ Cases में Negative Sentence में
Rules:
Affirmative: Sub. + had + Obj.
Negative: Sub. + did not have + Obj.
Interrogative: <WH> + did + Sub. + have + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH> + did + Sub. + not + have + Obj.?
Special Case
Interrogative: <WH – Sub.> + had + Obj.?
Neg. Int.: <WH – Sub.> + did not have + Obj.?

नोट – जब सेंटेंस में Subject “में था (के अन्दर था), या भाई/बहन थे”आता है तो आप सेंटेंस को There was…/ There were… के साथ भी बना सकते हैं। (ये बात समझने के लिए Video ज़रूर देखिए।)

Examples

उसके पास पैसे थे।
(Uske paas paise the.)
He had money.

मेरे पास पैन नहीं था।
(Mere paas pen nahi tha.)
I did not have a pen. / I had no pen.

मेरे पास दो पैन नहीं थे।
(Mere paas do pen nahi the.)
I did not have two pens.

आपके पास पानी था क्या?
(Aapke paas paani tha kya?)
Did you have water?

आपके पास क्या था?
(Aapke paas kya tha?
What did you have?

किसके पास मोबाईल था? (Special Case {Interrogative})
(Kiske paas mobile tha?)
Who had mobile?

किसके पास किताब नहीं थी? (Special Case {Neg. Int.})
(Kiske paas kitaab nahi thi?)
Who did not have a book?

उस ग्लास में पानी था।
(Us glass me paani tha.)
That glass had water. / There was water in that glass.

उस घर में दरवाज़ा नहीं था।
(Us ghar me door nhi tha.)
That house did not have a door. / There was no door in that house. / That house had no door.

उस घर में दो दरवाज़े नहीं थे।
(Us ghar me do door nhi the.)
That house didn’t have two doors. / There were no two doors in that house.
didn’t (डिन्ट/डिडन्ट) – did not

इस ग्लास में कितना पानी था?
(Is glass me kitna paani tha?)
How much water did this glass have? / How much water was there in this glass?

किस ग्लास में पानी था?
(Kis glass me paani tha?)
Which glass had water? / In which glass was there water?

किन घरों में नल नहीं थे?
(Kin gharon me nal nahi the?)
Which houses did not have taps? / In which houses were there no taps?

उसके दो भाई थे।
(Uske do bhai the.)
He had two brothers. / There were two brothers of his.

उसका कोई भाई नहीं था।
(Uska koi bhai nahi tha.)
He did not have any brother. / He had no brother. / There was no brother of his.

उसके दो भाई नहीं थे।
(Uske do bhai nahi the.)
He did not have two brothers. / There were no two brothers of his.

क्या उसके दो भाई थे?
(Kya uske do bhai the?)
Did he have two brothers? / Were there two brothers of his?

उसके कितने भाई थे?
(Uske kitne bhai the?)
How many brothers did he have? /How many brothers were there of his?

किसके थे दो भाई ?
(Kiske the do bhai?)
Who had two brothers? / Whose were there two brothers?

Homework

उस किताब में क्या लिखा हुआ था?
(Us kitab me kya likha hua tha?)
What was written in that book?

किस किस के पास घर नहीं था?
(Kis kis ke paas ghar nahi tha?)
Who all didn’t have houses?

आप कब से ऑफिस में थे?
(Aap kab se office me the?)
Since when had you been in the office?

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अगर आपको ये आर्टिकल (English Speaking Course Day 17) पसन्द आया हो, तो इसे अपने दोस्तों के साथ WhatsApp, Facebook आदि पर शेयर जरूर करिएगा। Thank you! – Aditya sir

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