Active and Passive Voice - Rules, Charts, Examples | English Speaking Course Day 51

Active and Passive Voice – Rules, Charts, Examples | English Speaking Course Day 51… सबसे पहले नीचे दी गयी वीडियो को पूरा देखें और कॉन्सेप्ट को समझें।

Active Voice के वाक्यों में Subject जो कि क्रिया {Verb/Action} को करता है, उसका स्थान Verb {क्रिया} से पहले आता है और जिस Object पर उस क्रिया {Verb/Action} का प्रभाव पडता है, वो Verb {क्रिया} के बाद आता है। यानि, सबसे पहले क्रिया को करने वाला Subject, उसके बाद क्रिया और उसके बाद आखिर में Object. {Subject + Verb {Action} + Object}
Passive Voice के वाक्यों में ठीक इसका उल्टा होता है यानि सबसे पहले Object, उसके बाद क्रिया और फिर क्रिया को करने वाला Subject. जो Active Voice का Subject होता है, वो Passive Voice में सबसे आखिर में आता है, जबकि जो Active Voice का Object होता है, वो Passive Voice में सबसे पहले आता है। एक महत्वपूर्ण बात और कि Passive Voice के वाक्यों में हमेशा Verb की 3rd form का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Sentences covered in the video:

मुझे ये बात बतायी गयी है।
( Mujhe ye baat batayi gayi hai. )
I have been told about this matter.

आज केवल चार किताबें बिकी।
( Aaj keval chaar kitabein biki. )
Only four books were sold today.

ये घर तीस साल पहले बनाया गया था।
(Ye ghar 30 saal pahle banaya gaya tha.)
This house had been constructed/built thirty years ago.

राहुल को मार्केट में देखा गया है।
(Rahul ko market me dekha gaya hai.)
Rahul has been seen in the market.

उसे सिर्फ 2 दिन दिये जायेंगे।
(Use sirf 2 din diye jaayenge.)
We will be given only two days.

हमें रोज़ खाली हाथ घर भेज दिया जाता है।
(Hame roz khali hath ghar bhej diya jata hai.)
We are sent home empty-handed daily.

ये मोबाइल ठीक किया जा सकता है।
( Ye mobile theek kiya ja sakta hai. )
This mobile can be repaired.

हमसे ये प्रश्न क्यों पूछा जा रहा है?
( Hamse ye prashn kyon poochha ja raha hai? )
Why are we being asked this question?

ये कार खरीदी जा सकती है।
(Ye car khareedi ja sakti hai.)
This car can be purchased./
This car could be purchased./
This car may be purchased./
This car might be purchased./

रवि को जाने दिया जायेगा।
(Ravi ko jaane diya jayega.)
Ravi will be let go.

ये मोबाइल रिपेयर होना है।
(Ye mobile repair hona hai.)
This mobile is to be repaired./
This mobile has to be repaired.

मुझे खेलने दिया गया।
(Mujhe khelne diya gaya.)
I was let play.

रवि को ये प्रश्न पूछा जा रहा है।
(Ravi ko ye prashn poochha ja raha hai.)
Ravi is being asked this question

रवि को सुबह से ये प्रश्न पूछा जा रहा है।
(Ravi ko subah se ye prashn poochha ja raha hai.)
Ravi has been being asked this question since morning./
Ravi is being asked this question since morning.

हमें जनवरी से अंग्रेज़ी सिखायी जा रही थी।
(Hame January se English sikhayi ja rahi thi.)
We had been being taught English since january./
We were being taught English since january.

शाम को यहाँ क्रिकेट खेला जा रहा होगा।
(Shaam ko yahaan cricket khela ja raha hoga.)
Cricket will be being played here in the evening./
Cricket will be played here in the evening.

तुम मुझे हँसा रहे हो।
(Tum mujhe hansa rahe ho.)
You are making me laugh. / You are getting me to laugh.

मुझे हँसाया जा रहा है।
(Mujhe hansaya ja raha hai.)
I am being made to laugh.

उसने मुझे ये कॉन्सेप्ट समझाया।
(Usne mujhe ye concept samjhaya.)
He made me understand this concept. / He got me to understand this concept.

मुझे ये कॉन्सेप्ट समझाया गया।
(Mujhe ye concept samjhaya gaya.)
I was made to understand this concept.

नीचे दिये गये Passive of Tenses Chart पर नजर डालिए –

नीचे दिये गये Passive of Modal Verbs Chart पर नजर डालिए –

ये दोनों charts के बारे में वीडियो में अच्छे से समझाया गया है।

Tenses के “Active to Passive Voice” Conversions

AV: He plays football. {Present Indefinite}
PV: Football is played by him.

AV: She doesn’t play cricket. {Present Indefinite}
PV: Cricket is not played by her.

AV: I play my guitar every day. {Present Indefinite}
PV: My guitar is played by me every day.

AV: Do I call you? {Present Indefinite}
PV: Are you called by me?

AV: Do I know you? {Present Indefinite}
PV: Are you known by me?

AV: Why do you eat pizza? {Present Indefinite}
PV: Why is the pizza eaten by you?

AV: Rekha was singing a song. {Past Continuous}
PV: A song was being sung by Rekha.

AV: Is Raju purchasing mobile right now? {Present Continuous}
PV: Is the mobile being purchased by Raju right now?

AV: They will inform you about it. {Future Indefinite}
PV: You will be informed about it by them.

AV: I have watched this movie. {Present Perfect}
PV: This movie has been watched by me.

AV: Have you met him? {Present Perfect}
PV: Has he been met by you?

AV: Why did he call you? {Past Indefinite}
PV: Why were you called by him?

AV: He hit the ball hard. {Past Indefinite}
PV: The ball was hit hard by him.

AV: Did he tell you something? {Past Indefinite}
PV: Were you told something by him?

AV: What did he eat today? {Past Indefinite}
PV: What was eaten today by him?

AV: How much does he love his brother? {Present Indefinite}
PV: How much is his brother loved by him?

AV: How much do you love your brother? {Present Indefinite}
PV: How much is your brother loved by you?

AV: Does anyone meet you at your home? {Present Indefinite}
PV: Are you met by anyone at your home?

AV: Rajni will have met Rashmi by the evening. {Future Perfect}
PV: Rashmi will have been met by Rajni by the evening.

AV: He will have called you tomorrow. {Future Perfect}
PV: You will have been called by him tomorrow.

AV: I didn’t do it, trust me! {Past Indefinite}
PV: It was not done by me, trust me!

AV: Is she attending the class today? {Present Continuous}
PV: Is the class being attended by her today?

AV: They will consult the doctor. {Future Indefinite}
PV: The doctor will be consulted by them.

AV: Why have you read this book? {Present Perfect}
PV: Why has this book been read by you?

AV: I have been asking you since morning. {Present Perfect Cont.}
PV: You have been being asked by me since morning.

AV: She had been reading that novel for months. {Past Perfect Cont.}
PV: That novel had been being read by her for months.

AV: He will be opening the door at that moment. {Future Cont.}
PV: The door will be being opened by him at that moment.

AV: He will have been watching cartoons since morning when you reach there. {Future Perfect Cont.}
PV: Cartoons will have been being watched by him since morning when you reach there.

Modals के “Active to Passive Voice” Conversions

जिन भी Modal Verbs के साथ Active Voice में Verb की First form का use होता है, उन सभी के साथ Passive Voice में BE का प्रयोग होता है और जिन भी Modal Verbs के साथ Active Voice में Verb की 3rd form का use होता है, उन सभी के साथ Passive Voice में BEEN का प्रयोग होता है। ऐसी कोई भी Modal Verb नहीं होती, जिसके साथ Verb की 2^nd form का प्रयोग हो।

उदाहरण (Examples):

AV: Can you do it?
PV: Can it be done by you?.

AV: We couldn’t ask him.
PV: He couldn’t be asked by us.

AV: They should never blame you for this mistake.
PV: You should never be blamed by them for this mistake.

AV: He may have to read this book.
PV: This book may have to be read by him.

AV: You must attend the class.
PV: The class must be attended by you.

AV: He can drive this car.
PV: This car can be driven by him.

AV: He cannot drive this car.
PV: This car cannot be driven by him.

AV: Can he drive this car?
PV: Can this car be driven by him?

AV: We shouldn’t kill the animals.
PV: The animals shouldn’t be killed by us.

AV: He ought to help the poor.
PV: The poor ought to be helped by him.

AV: He must have passed the exam.
PV: The exam must have been passed by him.

AV: He might call you next week.
PV: You might be called by him next week.

AV: Should I start a job?
PV: Should a job be started by me?

AV: Should I have started a job?
PV: Should a job have been started by me?

“LET” मुख्य क्रिया के साथ “Active to Passive Voice” Conversions

AV: Did you let him enter the house?
PV: Was he let enter the house by you?

AV: He must let him go to market.
PV: He must be let go to market by him.

AV: She lets me go wherever I want to.
PV: I am let go by her wherever I want to.

AV: I will not let my brother know about it.
PV: My brother will not be let know about it by me.

AV: Could you let me take this book?
PV: Could I be let take this book by you?

AV: He lets me go.
PV: I am let go by him.

AV: She doesn’t let me read the book.
PV: I am not let read the book by her.

AV: I won’t let you do it.
PV: You won’t be let do it by me.

AV: You should let him go.
PV: He should be let go by you.

AV: I can let you play.
PV: You can be let play by me.

AV: He should have let you do what you wanted to.
PV: You should have been let do by him what you wanted to.

AV: He lets me go home.
PV: I am let go home by him.

AV: She is not letting me study.
PV: I am not being let study by her.

AV: They are letting Rahul work with Ram.
PV: Rahul is being let work with Ram by them.

AV: He shouldn’t have let you play all the time.
PV: You shouldn’t have been let play all the time by him.

AV: How often do you let him go to the park?
PV: How often is he let go to the park by you?

AV: My brother never let me visit the Taj.
PV: I am never let visit the Taj by my brother.

AV: Why do you not let him come home?
PV: Why is he not let come home by you?

Infinitives के “Active to Passive Voice” Conversions

AV: There are two bananas to eat.
PV: There are two bananas to be eaten.

AV: I have a bill to pay.
PV: I have a bill to be paid.

AV: He has to meet me tomorrow.
PV: I have to be met by him tomorrow.

AV: They seem to ask you this question.
PV: You seem to be asked this question by them.

AV: She needs to finish the task today itself.
PV: The task needs to be finished by her today itself.

Few More Examples for Practice

Active: They have built this robot themselves.
Passive: This robot has been built by them themselves.

Active: The judge advised them to settle the matter.
Passive: They were advised by the judge to settle the matter.

Active: You are spending too much time on this matter.
Passive: Too much time is being spent by you on this matter.

Active: He will have advised her.
Passive: She will have been advised by him.

Active: That scientist discovered a new pill to stimulate the appetite.
Passive: A new pill was discovered by that scientist to stimulate the appetite.

Active: He is running a hospital these days.
Passive: A hospital is being run by him these days.

Active: You must do your duty.
Passive: Your duty must be done by you.

Active: No one ever taught me how to play the guitar.
Passive: I was never taught by anyone how to play the guitar.

Active: One must do one’s duty.
Passive: Duty must be done (by all).

Active: The man could not climb the tree.
Passive: The tree could not be climbed by the man.

Active: I have proved all his calculations wrong.
Passive: All his calculations have been proven wrong by me.

Active: Who is disturbing you?
Passive: By whom are you being disturbed?

Active: I would have attended the meeting if it were possible.
Passive: The meeting would have been attended by me if it were possible.

Active: We have to do it very early in the morning.
Passive: It has to be done by us very early in the morning.

Active: She will have finished the paper by 1 o’clock.
Passive: The paper will have been finished by her by 1 o’clock.

Active: Has he made all the necessary arrangements?
Passive: Have all the necessary arrangements been made by him?

Active: You should switch off the inverter when changing a fuse.
Passive: The inverter should be switched off while changing a fuse.

Active: He asked me to wait there.
Passive: I was asked by him to wait there.

Active: She should have helped her friends.
Passive: Her friends should have been helped by her.

Active: You cannot expect him to understand these problems.
Passive: He can’t be expected to understand these problems.

Active: He will have closed his shop by now.
Passive: His shop will have been closed by him by now.

Active: You could have solved this question.
Passive: This question could have been solved by you.

Active: You should return the book next week.
Passive: The book should be returned by you next week.

Active: They can’t put you in prison.
Passive: You can’t be put in prison by them.

Active: The owner himself showed her the house.
Passive: She was shown the house by the owner himself.

Active: We ought to respect our elders.
Passive: Our elders ought to be respected by us.

Active: She always gives me gifts at new year.
Passive: I am always given gifts by her at new year.

Active: Did you paint these pictures in your house?
Passive: Were these pictures painted in your house?

Active: We should obey our teachers.
Passive: Our teachers should be obeyed by us.

Active: They rejected his proposal.
Passive: His proposal was rejected by them.

Active: Let them do it now.
Passive: Let it be done by them now.

Active: He can help you.
Passive: You can be helped by him.

Active: He will rob them if they are not cautious.
Passive: They will be robbed by him if they are not cautious.

Active: They did not tell me anything about the situation.
Passive: I was not told anything about the situation.

Active: They might win the match.
Passive: The match might be won by them.

Active: Post this letter.
Passive: Let this letter be posted.

Active: Cut your shirt according to your requirement.
Passive: Let your shirt be cut according to your requirement.

Active: They have decided to increase the level.
Passive: It has been decided to increase level.

Active: Never tell a lie.
Passive: Let a lie never be told.

Active: He performed a dance for the first time last week.
Passive: His dance was performed for the first time last week.

Active: Do not pluck flowers.
Passive: Let flowers not be plucked.

Active: They will look after you.
Passive: You will be looked after by them.

Active: Tell him to go.
Passive: Let him be told to go.

Active: They promised Rahul a new phone on his birthday.
Passive: Rahul was promised a new phone on his birthday.

Active: Did they not tell you to be here by 8 o’clock?
Passive: Were you not told to be here by 8 o’clock?

Active: Have they carried out his orders?
Passive: Have his orders been carried out by them?

Active: Mom will have to amuse him with riddles.
Passive: He will have to be amused by mom with riddles.

Active: Please sit here and wait till I come back.
Passive: You are requested to wait here till I come back.

Active: Ravi chose his words with care.
Passive: Words were chosen with care by Ravi.

Active: Is he running a race?
Passive: Is a race being run by him?

Active: Has someone told her about her result?
Passive: Has she been told about her result?

Active: It shocked me to hear that someone had bothered you.
Passive: I was shocked to hear that you had been bothered by someone.

Active: Everyone knows that he is a footballer.
Passive: He is known to be a footballer.

Active: Do they like my teachers?
Passive: Are my teachers liked by them?

Active: Work hard.
Passive: You are advised to work hard.

Active: Can you solve this question?
Passive: Can this question be solved by you?

Active: Let him sing a song.
Passive: Let a song be sung by him.

Active: Please shut the door.
Passive: You are requested to shut the door.

Active: Who teaches you Maths?
Passive: By whom are you taught Maths?

Active: Hurry up, please.
Passive: You are requested to hurry up.

Active: Did you grow vegetables?
Passive: Were vegetables grown by you?

Active: It is time to take a cup of coffee.
Passive: It is time for a cup of coffee to be taken.

Active: Did he win the match?
Passive: Was the match won by him?

Active: She ran fast to win the race.
Passive: She ran fast for the race to be won.

Active: This bottle contains water.
Passive: Water is contained in this bottle.

Active: Why do you blame me?
Passive: Why am I blamed by you?

Active: Does this guy sell grocery?
Passive: Is grocery sold by this guy?

Active: My progress satisfied my parents.
Passive: My parents were satisfied with my progress.

Active: Were they singing songs?
Passive: Were songs being sung by them?

Active: They know my father.
Passive: My father is known to them.

Active: Ravi married Asha.
Passive: Asha was married to Ravi.

Active: Sugar tastes sweet.
Passive: Sugar is sweet when tasted.

Active: It is now time to close the doors.
Passive: It is now time for the doors to be closed.

Active: He hopes to win a medal.
Passive: It is hoped that he will win a medal.

Active: Her failure shocked us.
Passive: We were shocked at her failure.

Active: The rose smells great.
Passive: The rose is great when smelt.

Active: I want to buy a pen.
Passive: I want a pen to be bought.

Active: People take this meal all over the world.
Passive: This meal is taken by people all over the world.

Active: You cannot please him.
Passive: He cannot be pleased with you.

Active: The gardener is watering the flowers.
Passive: The flowers are being watered by the gardener.

Active: He has invited me.
Passive: I have been invited by him.

Active: The news of his departure shocked us.
Passive: We were shocked at the news of his departure.

Active: They have insulted us.
Passive: We have been insulted by them.

Active: I had never seen such a lovely girl before.
Passive: Such a lovely girl had never been seen by me before.

Active: I do not love him.
Passive: He is not loved by me.

Active: I had sold the old books.
Passive: The old books had been sold by me.

Active: They had prepared many things.
Passive: Many things had been prepared by them.

Active: Did he consult you?
Passive: Were you consulted by him?

Active: He had not seen this place before.
Passive: This place had not been seen by him before.

Active: I will never forget your behavior.
Passive: Your behavior will never be forgotten by me.

Active: The lady had already cooked food.
Passive: Food had already been cooked by the lady.

Active: We were expecting her.
Passive: She was being expected by us.

Active: The peon has done it.
Passive: It has been done by the peon.

Active: The issue is being looked into by the judge.
Passive: The judge is looking into the issue.

Active: We have painted the windows.
Passive: The windows have been painted by us.

Active: They have won the match.
Passive: The match has been won by them.

Active: The rich must help the poor.
Passive: The poor must be helped by the rich.

Active: My uncle helped me.
Passive: I was helped by my uncle.

Active: They will help me.
Passive: I will be helped by them.

Active: They wrote several letters.
Passive: Several letters were written by them.

Active: The doctor treats these patients well.
Passive: These patients are treated well by the doctor.

Active: I do not understand this problem.
Passive: This problem is not understood by me.

Active: He writes stories.
Passive: Stories are written by him.

Active: He sang a song.
Passive: A song was sung by him.

Active: They will not disobey you.
Passive: You will not be disobeyed by them.

Active: The laborers will repair the road.
Passive: The road will be repaired by the laborers.

Active: The teacher corrected my homework.
Passive: My homework was corrected by the teacher.

Active: It is time to say prayers.
Passive: It is time for prayers to be said.

Active: We must follow the rules.
Passive: The rules must be followed.

Active: Somebody gave her something on her birthday.
Passive: Something was given to her on her birthday. / She was given something on her birthday.

Active: Did you say something?
Passive: Was something said by you?

Active: He does not obey his teachers.
Passive: His teachers are not obeyed by him.

Active: It is necessary to write this poem.
Passive: It is necessary for this poem to be written.

Active: They are watching cricket.
Passive: Cricket is being watched by them.

Active: We should serve our country.
Passive: Our country should be served by us.

Active: Children like chocolates.
Passive: Chocolates are liked by children.

Active: The girl is flying a kite.
Passive: A kite is being flown by the girl.

Active: He will teach a new lesson today.
Passive: A new lesson will be taught by him today.

Active: My mother was telling a story.
Passive: A story was being told by my mother.

Active: We can buy this but not that one.
Passive: This can be bought by us but not that one.

Active: People will remember him.
Passive: He will be remembered by people.

Active: We are not wasting time here.
Passive: Time is not being wasted by us here.

Active: The boys are drawing the pictures.
Passive: The pictures are being drawn by the boys.

Active: Get out of my house.
Passive: You are ordered to get out of my house.

Active: There is no money to waste.
Passive: There is no money to be wasted.

Active: A child cannot throw it.
Passive: It cannot be thrown by a child.

Active: They laughed at me.
Passive: I was laughed at by them.

Active: You might have heard his name.
Passive: His name might have been heard by you.

Active: He might do it.
Passive: It might be done by him.

Active: Who has broken the cup?
Passive: By whom has the cup been broken?

Active: Has he returned the pens?
Passive: Have the pens been returned by him?

Active: Will you have read the magazine by tomorrow?
Passive: Will the magazine have been read by you by tomorrow?

Active: Have they finished their assignments?
Passive: Have their assignments been finished by them?

Active: What have you made?
Passive: What has been made by you?

Active: They have built this robot themselves.
Passive: This robot has been built by them themselves.

Active: The judge advised them to settle the matter.
Passive: They were advised by the judge to settle the matter.

Active: You are spending too much time on this matter.
Passive: Too much time is being spent by you on this matter.

Active: He will have advised her.
Passive: She will have been advised by him.

Active: That scientist discovered a new pill to stimulate the appetite.
Passive: A new pill was discovered by that scientist to stimulate the appetite.